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Forming and effective using of human resources in agricultural
The subject of scientific research is the theoretical and practical principles of the formation and effective use of human resources in the agriculture of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the strategic directions of the use of human resources in agriculture. The data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the results of other scientists' research and own developments were used. The following methods of scientific
research are applied: abstract-logical; monographic; statistical and economic; balance; systematic approach, etc. A generalized definition of human resources is proposed as a set of active population characterized by socio-demographic, professional qualification, psychophysiological characteristics and participating in social and labor relations in enterprises (organizations, institutions) on the basis of employment and/or self-employment (entrepreneurs, owners of capital, employers), actively looking for work (unemployed), starting their own business. Based on the analysis of the formation and use of human resources in agriculture in the pre-war period and79 econommeneg.btsau.edu.ua Економіка та управління АПК, 2022, № 2 taking into account the current war situation in the country, the pessimistic trends of demographic indicators and economic activity of the rural population were determined as the basis for the formation of human resources in agricultural enterprises. Taking this into account and the recorded high level of informal employment in agriculture, a methodical approach to determining the forecasted indicators of the need to create jobs in the agricultural sector to ensure the effective use of availablehuman resources in rural areas is substantiated. Taking into account the excess of the supply of labor on the labor market in agriculture over its demand, the positive dynamics of the development of small forms of business in the industry, the unfilled potential capacity of the domestic market of labor-intensive agro-food products, in Ukraine, the perspective of comprehensive support for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy has been proven. on the part of the state, territorial communities, etc. It was determined that the effective use of human resources in agriculture in wartime and postwar times will be ensured by achieving the following economic effects: increasing the level of formal employment and labor income of the rural population, filling the domestic market with labor-intensive products, ensuring food security for households and the country. On the basis of the conducted SWOT-analysis of the development of labor-intensive production of products in small agribusiness, a strategic choice matrix for the use of human resources in agriculture was developed. This will contribute to the developm of related sectors of the economy: logistics and processing, trade, machine-building enterprises and will require additional recruitment of personnel – a multiplier effect.
Key words: human resources, agriculture, employment, unemployment, agricultural enterprise, economic effect.
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