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Management of the formation of stocks of material resources of the enterprise
The article deals with the problem of forming a reasonable level of stocks of material resources of the logistics system of a manufacturing enterprise. It was stated that in the share of material resources of industrial enterprises, the leading place is occupied by stocks of raw materials, materials, semi-finished products, and blanks. The latter belong to the category of inventories. Therefore, the management of this type of material resources is one of the most urgent tasks for enterprises. In this regard, there is a need for a modern approach to the problem of managing stocks of material resources and the economic assessment of the profitability of creating production and commercial stocks. And at the same time, one of the important questions is to determine their optimal volume.
It was found that when forming stocks of material resources, it is necessary to simultaneously comply with the requirements for the sufficiency of their volume to ensure the normal operation of the enterprise's logistics system, to reduce their volume as much as possible while increasing the degree of mobility, and to minimize the total costs associated with the formation of stocks.
An analog model for assessing the economic efficiency of the influence of changes in the size of the stock of material resources on the comparative economic effect of the logistics activities of an enterprise is proposed for practical use. This model takes into account the causal relationship between natural (partial) and cost (generalizing) indicators of the inventory management system of material resources and provides an opportunity to calculate the comparative economic effect of changes in the volume of inventories at the enterprise. In practice, this will make it possible to economically substantiate the decision on the need to form stocks of one or another type of material resources.
It is shown that the economic effect of the functioning of the logistics system of a manufacturing enterprise is significantly influenced by the growth of fixed and circulating assets. To determine the assessment of the impact of the growth of fixed and current assets on the value of the economic effect, an analog model is proposed. The main structural elements of such a model are an increase in capital investments in fixed assets, an increase in profits from product sales, a change in logistics costs, an increase (savings) in investment in current assets, a change in the cost of production. These factors are directly related to the growth of depreciation charges, the increase in profits from the acceleration of inventory turnover and the increase in net profit.
Taking into account the results of the studies performed, it was found that the economic effect is formed by the total discounted net profit and the amount of depreciation (provided there are no penalties) minus the total additional capital investments in the enterprise. To calculate the economic effect, a corresponding mathematical relationship is proposed.
The key words: enterprise, stock, stock size, material resources, evaluation, relative economic effect.
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