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Restoration of territorial communities of Ukraine under martial law
The article considers the potential of territorial communities under martial law based on the strengthening of social capital. It is proven that the unprovoked aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine has caused a number of economic, social, environmental, demographic and other problems, which were especially clearly revealed after the liberation of the occupied territories. It is noted that among the main problem types of territories, the following type is the most common: rural areas and small towns with a population of up to 50 thousand people due to the increased burden on social and engineering infrastructure due to the displacement of the population and the relocation of enterprises under martial law. Based on the identification of current challenges and the assessment of prospective development problems and measures to overcome them, three groups of territorial communities have been identified: a) rear communities; b) communities that were in the zone of combat operations and/or occupation; c) communities that are in the zone of combat operations and/or occupation, located within a 30-kilometer zone from the border with Russia/Belarus. Eight key goals in the development of communities and a system of measures for their implementation have been outlined, which will help ensure their restoration within the established time frame.
The experience of developing rural and settlement communities based on the modernization of their potential with the involvement of communal property and social capital, which is spreading due to the activities of its carriers and is combined with shifts in the agricultural sector and other industries, is summarized. It is highlighted that on the basis of existing communal property, including land resources, communal enterprises are created that are engaged in agriculture, processing of agricultural products and non-agricultural activities, which are provided by both existing local entrepreneurs and related businesses.
It is emphasized that an important component of restoring the potential of rural/settlement communities is the involvement of social capital, which is understood as a public resource that is accumulated and used for social development and conversion into other types of resources. The components of social capital are summarized: trust, social networks, values and norms. It is substantiated that local governments, local public organizations, enterprises and cooperatives contribute to the intensification of social capital use by subjects and collectives, its development and enrichment through the exchange of advanced knowledge and practical experience, new agricultural and social technologies, scarce resources, advanced economic tools and management methods.
Keywords: territorial communities, natural resources, municipal enterprises, fixed assets, social capital.
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