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Restoration of territorial communities of Ukraine under martial law
The article considers the potential of territorial communities under
martial law based on the strengthening of social capital. It is proven
that the unprovoked aggression of the Russian Federation against
Ukraine has caused a number of economic, social, environmental,
demographic and other problems, which were especially clearly
revealed after the liberation of the occupied territories. It is noted that
among the main problem types of territories, the following type is
the most common: rural areas and small towns with a population of
up to 50 thousand people due to the increased burden on social and
engineering infrastructure due to the displacement of the population
and the relocation of enterprises under martial law. Based on the
identification of current challenges and the assessment of prospective
development problems and measures to overcome them, three groups
of territorial communities have been identified: a) rear communities;
b) communities that were in the zone of combat operations and/or
occupation; c) communities that are in the zone of combat operations
and/or occupation, located within a 30-kilometer zone from the
border with Russia/Belarus. Eight key goals in the development of
communities and a system of measures for their implementation have
been outlined, which will help ensure their restoration within the
established time frame.
The experience of developing rural and settlement communities
based on the modernization of their potential with the involvement of
communal property and social capital, which is spreading due to the
activities of its carriers and is combined with shifts in the agricultural
sector and other industries, is summarized. It is highlighted that on
the basis of existing communal property, including land resources,
communal enterprises are created that are engaged in agriculture,
processing of agricultural products and non-agricultural activities,
which are provided by both existing local entrepreneurs and related
businesses.
It is emphasized that an important component of restoring the
potential of rural/settlement communities is the involvement of social
capital, which is understood as a public resource that is accumulated
and used for social development and conversion into other types of
resources. The components of social capital are summarized: trust,
social networks, values and norms. It is substantiated that local governments, local public organizations, enterprises and cooperatives
contribute to the intensification of social capital use by subjects and
collectives, its development and enrichment through the exchange of
advanced knowledge and practical experience, new agricultural and
social technologies, scarce resources, advanced economic tools and
management methods.
Keywords: territorial communities, natural resources, municipal
enterprises, fixed assets, social capital.
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