The articles are devoted to the evaluation of the current situation in the use of land resources by agricultural producers and 
to the elaboration of measures aimed to soil fertility preservation.  
It is defined that the reasonable use of land resources is very important for the economics of the Ukrainian agro–industrial 
complex,  as  soil  has  a  number  of  specific  peculiarities  which  differ  it  from  other  production  means.  Nowadays  yields  of 
agricultural crops can be obtained only through the implementation of the complex approach including the enhancing of land 
resources quality and use control.  
A  negative  tendency  of  soil  fertility  decrease  was  defined  in  present  conditions.    The  complex  topsoil  ecosystem  is 
destroyed  mostly  because  of  the  erosion  intensive  development.  The  ecological  situation  of  land  use  in  our  country  has 
approached to a dangerous margin which separates us from incorrigible ecological processes.  
One  of  the  reasons  of  this  situation is a  significant  decrease  of  organic  fertilizers application.    For the  compensation  of 
humus loses it is necessary to apply every year at least 10 t/ha of organic fertilizers which is impossible because of an important 
decrease of livestock.   
This problem  can  be  partly  solved  by  the  use  of  yield  part (mainly  straw).  Also,  it  is  necessary  to  use  devices  of  high 
productivity for straw and corn stems cutting and their qualitative applying into soil. The absence of these equipments  pushes 
agricultural producer to burn their co–products.   
It was defined that measures aimed to soil fertility increase are episodic, that is why in 90-th year the growth of valuable 
highly  productive  agricultural  holdings  has  stopped.    The  decrease  of  lands  fertility  and  absence  of  their  ameliorative 
improvement,  large  scales and intensity  of  soils  degradation  conditions  annual  underperformance  of    10–12  million  tones  of 
agricultural products in grain equivalent.  
It  was  defined  that  many  native  agricultural  producers  didn’t  respect  main  agro–technical  measures  according  to 
technological cards of agricultural crops growing. Very  often sowing  areas structure is disturbed, scientifically justified crop 
rotation is not respected, agro–ameliorative measures are not properly applied.  
Nowadays  the  mechanisms  for  joining  economic  stimulations  measures  and  legal  responsibility  in  the  field  of  land 
protection  as well as establishment of legally defined nature protection restrictions  in lands use by boundary survey are not 
sufficiently applied for the optimization of lands use  and protection. 
The  measures  of  financing  nature  protection  measures  aimed  to  soil  fertility  restoration  by  creation  of  regional  land 
protection foundations are proposed. This foundation should be created by the allocation of some percent from land tax and fixed 
agricultural tax.  
The implementation of ecological tax for land users  could be an alternative finances source for nature protection activity 
aimed to the preservation of land resources.  The scale of harm to land could constitute the base of this tax. In this relation the 
government  could  :  а)  implement  and  to  guarantee  the  execution  of  soils  quality  control  mechanism  when  signing  land  rent 
agreements; b) finance and develop agro–chemical laboratories for regularly soils condition analyses and monitoring.  

Nowadays  the  core  rotation  norms  look  like  the  government  intention  to  correct  its  previous  mistakes  with  the  help  of 
agricultural producers.  
Keywords: agricultural production, land use, soil, fertility, State regulation.